Madagascar Coup Leader Randrianirina Sworn In as President

Post by : Saif Nasser

Colonel Michael Randrianirina, the military leader who recently seized control of Madagascar, was formally sworn in as the country’s president on Friday. The ceremony, held at the High Constitutional Court in the capital, was marked by cheers from supporters, blaring trumpets, and ceremonial raised swords. This event comes just days after youth-led protests and nationwide dissatisfaction with the previous administration forced out former President Andry Rajoelina.

Randrianirina, speaking to the public during the swearing-in, promised to carry out his duties fully and justly. “I swear that I will exercise the power entrusted to me and dedicate all my strength to defending and strengthening national unity and human rights,” he said. The ceremony highlighted the military’s central role in the new governance, with officers playing a symbolic part in the handover of power.

Political Context and Reactions

Rajoelina, who fled abroad amid mounting protests and impeachment by lawmakers, has strongly condemned the military takeover and refuses to step down while in exile. His departure follows weeks of demonstrations, mainly led by young citizens frustrated by chronic power and water shortages, rising living costs, and widespread poverty.

The African Union (AU) and United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres have publicly condemned the coup. They emphasized the need for a return to constitutional order and civilian governance, warning that the military takeover risks isolating Madagascar from international support and aid.

Military-Led Transitional Government

Colonel Randrianirina has confirmed that the military has dissolved all major government institutions except for the National Assembly. A committee led by the military will rule alongside a transitional government for up to two years before new elections are held. This interim period is meant to stabilize the country and prepare the administrative framework for civilian leadership in the future.

Randrianirina previously commanded the elite CAPSAT army unit, which played a significant role in the 2009 coup that brought Rajoelina to power. However, last week, he broke ranks with Rajoelina and called on soldiers not to fire on protesters, signaling a shift in loyalty within the military elite.

Economic and Social Challenges

Madagascar faces deep-rooted economic difficulties. The population of approximately 30 million is young, with an average age under 20. Around 75% of citizens live in poverty, with the average monthly income barely reaching $600. Prices for basic goods, such as staple rice, have sharply increased, aggravating public frustration.

The World Bank reports that Madagascar’s GDP per capita has fallen by 45% between its independence in 1960 and 2020, making it one of the few nations to experience such long-term economic decline. These economic challenges were among the primary drivers of the recent mass protests and public demand for change.

Public Sentiment

While some citizens cheered the removal of Rajoelina and the swift takeover by the military, others have expressed concern about the speed and concentration of power in the hands of the army. Observers note that the transitional government faces the dual challenge of maintaining public trust and addressing the urgent economic and social issues affecting the majority of Malagasy people.

Looking Ahead

Colonel Randrianirina’s administration must now navigate international pressure, rebuild public confidence, and prepare for elections within the transitional period. The coming months will be crucial in determining whether Madagascar can restore political stability, meet the expectations of its youthful population, and lay the foundation for economic recovery.

The situation in Madagascar remains fluid, and the world is watching closely how the new military-led government will manage both domestic challenges and international relations.