Europeans Begin UN Sanctions Process Against Iran Amid Tensions

Post by : Monika

Photo: Reuters

On August 28, 2025, Britain, France, and Germany, collectively known as the E3, initiated a 30-day process to reimpose United Nations sanctions on Iran. This move, known as the "snapback" mechanism, comes after Iran's continued nuclear activities, which the E3 believe violate the 2015 nuclear agreement, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).

Background of the Nuclear Agreement

The JCPOA was established in 2015 between Iran and six world powers: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, and China. Under this agreement, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear program in exchange for relief from international sanctions.

However, in 2018, the United States withdrew from the deal under President Donald Trump, leading to the reimposition of U.S. sanctions on Iran. Since then, tensions have escalated, with Iran gradually stepping back from its commitments under the JCPOA.

The Snapback Mechanism

The snapback mechanism allows any participant in the JCPOA to trigger the reimposition of UN sanctions if they believe Iran is not adhering to the agreement. The E3's decision to activate this process is based on Iran's actions, including the enrichment of uranium beyond the limits set by the JCPOA.

Iran's Response

Iran has strongly condemned the E3's actions, labeling them as illegal and detrimental to diplomatic efforts. A senior Iranian official stated that the move undermines ongoing negotiations and vowed that Iran would not yield to pressure. Tehran has also warned of severe consequences if sanctions are reinstated, including potential withdrawal from the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

The Role of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

The IAEA, the UN's nuclear watchdog, has expressed concern over Iran's nuclear activities. While Iran has allowed some inspections, there are ongoing disputes over the scope and frequency of these inspections. The E3 has called for Iran to fully cooperate with the IAEA to ensure transparency and compliance with international standards.

Diplomatic Efforts and Future Prospects

Despite the tensions, diplomatic channels remain open. The E3 has emphasized that the sanctions process does not signify the end of dialogue. They have urged Iran to return to negotiations and fully comply with the IAEA's requirements.

Iran, on the other hand, has expressed willingness to engage in "fair" talks, provided that Western nations demonstrate genuine goodwill and refrain from actions that hinder diplomatic progress.

The initiation of the UN sanctions process marks a significant development in the ongoing dispute over Iran's nuclear program. While the E3 seeks to enforce compliance through sanctions, Iran remains steadfast in its position, leading to a complex and evolving situation.

The coming weeks will be crucial in determining whether diplomatic efforts can resume or if further escalation will occur.

Britain, France, and Germany have started a process to bring back UN sanctions on Iran because they believe Iran is not following the rules of a 2015 nuclear agreement. Iran disagrees with this decision and says it will not give in to pressure. Both sides are still talking, but the situation is tense. The next few weeks will be important to see if they can reach an agreement or if things will get worse.

UN sanctions